Atlantic Ocean

About

The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five major oceans, covering approximately 20% of Earth's surface area. It is bounded by Europe and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west, extending from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean near Antarctica in the south. The ocean plays a crucial role in global climate regulation through its circulation of heat and moisture. Its diverse marine life includes a wide range of ecosystems, from coral reefs to deep-sea environments. The Atlantic Ocean is characterized by its varied water temperatures, ranging from below -2°C in polar regions to over 30°C near the equator. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a vast undersea mountain range, runs along its floor, contributing to volcanic activity and island formation. Currents like the Gulf Stream significantly influence regional climates, moderating temperatures in Europe and North America. The Atlantic also supports significant global fisheries and is a major trade route, making it economically vital. However, it faces environmental challenges such as pollution and overfishing.