Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)

About

The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) is a landmark international treaty adopted at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. It entered into force on December 29, 1993, and has been ratified by nearly 200 countries. The CBD sets three primary objectives: conserving biological diversity, ensuring the sustainable use of its components, and promoting the fair and equitable sharing of benefits from genetic resources. The CBD has led to several key protocols, including the Cartagena Protocol on biosafety and the Nagoya Protocol on access and benefit-sharing. It encourages countries to develop National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans. The CBD also supports global frameworks like the Aichi Biodiversity Targets and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which aims to protect 30% of land and oceans by 2030. The treaty plays a pivotal role in integrating biodiversity into national policies and promoting sustainable development worldwide.