Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979)

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The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 18, 1979, is a comprehensive international treaty aimed at eliminating all forms of discrimination against women. It entered into force on September 3, 1981, and is widely regarded as the international bill of rights for women. CEDAW requires countries to take concrete steps to eliminate discrimination in all areas, including politics, economy, society, culture, civil, and family life. CEDAW defines discrimination as any distinction, exclusion, or restriction based on sex that impairs the recognition, enjoyment, or exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms. It mandates states to embody gender equality in their laws, repeal discriminatory provisions, and establish institutions to protect women from discrimination. The treaty also allows for special measures to accelerate de facto equality between men and women. The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women oversees its implementation, ensuring states comply with its provisions.