Empress Wu Zetian

About

Wu Zetian, born in 624 CE, was the only female emperor in Chinese history. She rose from a concubine of Emperor Taizong to become Empress of China, ruling through her husband Emperor Gaozong and later as Empress Dowager through her sons. In 690, she founded the Zhou Dynasty and took the title of Emperor, marking a significant break from traditional Chinese succession laws. Her reign was marked by military expansion, cultural achievements, and economic reforms. Wu Zetian promoted education by reforming the civil service examination system, emphasizing merit over family connections. Wu Zetian's legacy is complex, with both achievements and controversies. She expanded China's borders, reduced corruption, and encouraged Buddhism and Confucianism. Her economic policies stimulated growth and reduced taxes. However, her methods were often ruthless, involving the removal of rivals and family members. Despite this, she remains a significant figure in Chinese history, known for her intelligence, political acumen, and leadership. Her impact on Chinese society and governance continues to be studied and debated by historians today.