France - Notre-Dame Cathedral

About

Notre-Dame Cathedral, situated on the Île de la Cité in Paris, is a renowned masterpiece of Gothic architecture. Its construction began in 1163 under Bishop Maurice de Sully and spanned nearly two centuries, completing in 1345. The cathedral's design features pointed arches, ribbed vaults, and flying buttresses, allowing for large windows and a sense of verticality. These elements create a breathtaking interior illuminated by stunning stained glass windows, including three iconic rose windows. Notre-Dame has played a significant role in French history, hosting events like Napoleon's coronation and the Liberation of Paris. Architect Eugène Viollet-le-Duc led a major restoration in the 19th century, adding a distinctive spire. The cathedral houses revered relics, including the Crown of Thorns. Despite facing challenges, including a major fire in 2019, Notre-Dame remains a cultural and religious icon, attracting millions annually. Its blend of art, history, and spirituality makes it an enduring symbol of Paris and French heritage.