Galapagos Islands

About

The Galapagos Islands, located about 1,000 km off the coast of Ecuador, are a unique archipelago in the Pacific Ocean. This volcanic island chain is composed of 127 islands, islets, and rocks, with 19 major islands and four inhabited ones. The islands are renowned for their extreme biodiversity and as a "living laboratory of evolution," showcasing a wide array of endemic species such as giant tortoises, marine iguanas, and Darwin's finches. These species have evolved distinct traits due to the islands' isolation and varied environments. The Galapagos Islands are also a UNESCO World Heritage site, with 97% of the land designated as a national park. The surrounding marine reserve is one of the largest in the world, protecting a vast array of marine life. The islands' unique blend of tropical and temperate ecosystems supports a diverse range of flora and fauna. Human settlements are limited, allowing the natural environment to remain largely pristine. The islands' history includes visits by Charles Darwin, whose observations here significantly influenced his theory of evolution. Today, the Galapagos attract scientists and tourists alike, offering insights into evolutionary processes and biodiversity.