Galapagos Islands

About

The Galapagos Islands are a unique archipelago located in the Pacific Ocean, approximately 1,000 km from the coast of Ecuador. This island group consists of 19 major islands, numerous smaller islets, and rocks, covering a total land area of about 3,093 square miles. The islands are geologically young, formed by volcanic activity, and are characterized by rugged landscapes, including shield volcanoes and arid lowlands. The Galapagos Islands are renowned for their extreme biodiversity, hosting a wide range of endemic species such as giant tortoises, marine iguanas, and Galapagos finches. The islands' isolation has led to the development of distinct species that are found nowhere else in the world. The confluence of three ocean currents creates a rich marine ecosystem, making the Galapagos a "living museum" of evolution. Conservation efforts are crucial due to human impacts such as tourism and invasive species. The Galapagos National Park, established in 1959, protects 97% of the land area, while the Galapagos Marine Reserve safeguards the surrounding waters. The islands' unique biodiversity and natural beauty attract thousands of tourists annually, making sustainable tourism a key challenge for preserving this ecological treasure.