Greek Fire

About

Greek Fire was a mysterious incendiary substance used primarily in naval warfare by the Byzantine Empire. Its ability to burn on water made it a formidable weapon, particularly effective against enemy ships. The exact composition of Greek Fire remains unknown, but it is believed to have been based on a mixture of petroleum and other substances like pine resin or quicklime. This mixture allowed it to ignite spontaneously and continue burning even when exposed to water. Greek Fire was deployed using specialized ships equipped with tubular projectors, which could launch the substance at enemy vessels. Its use significantly impacted naval warfare tactics, forcing enemies to maintain distance and rely on ranged combat. The psychological impact of Greek Fire was also substantial, as its unquenchable flames instilled fear in adversaries. Its deployment played a crucial role in several Byzantine victories, notably during the Arab sieges of Constantinople. Despite its effectiveness, the secret of Greek Fire was lost with the fall of Constantinople in 1453.