José de San Martín

About

José de San Martín was a pivotal figure in the Latin American wars of independence, leading the liberation of Argentina, Chile, and Peru from Spanish rule. Born in Yapeyú, Corrientes, Argentina, on February 25, 1778, he spent much of his early life in Spain, where he served in the Spanish army and fought in the Peninsular War against Napoleon. In 1812, he returned to Buenos Aires and joined the Argentine War of Independence, becoming a key military leader. San Martín's most notable achievements include the formation of the Army of the Andes and the daring Crossing of the Andes, which led to the liberation of Chile. He then proceeded to Peru, where he was appointed Protector and oversaw the declaration of independence in 1821. San Martín is celebrated as a national hero in Argentina, Chile, and Peru, and his legacy extends beyond his military victories to his role in shaping the political landscape of these nations. His collaboration and eventual departure from the scene allowed Simón Bolívar to complete the liberation of Peru. San Martín died in France on August 17, 1850.