Nelson Mandela

About

Nelson Mandela was a pivotal figure in South African history, serving as the country's first black president from 1994 to 1999. Born on July 18, 1918, in Mvezo, South Africa, Mandela became involved in anti-apartheid activism early in his life. He joined the African National Congress (ANC) in 1943 and co-founded its Youth League in 1944. Initially advocating for non-violent resistance, he later shifted towards armed struggle, co-founding Umkhonto we Sizwe in 1961. This led to his arrest and a 27-year imprisonment. Mandela's release in 1990 marked a significant shift towards ending apartheid. He and President F.W. de Klerk negotiated a peaceful transition, culminating in the 1994 multiracial elections where Mandela led the ANC to victory. As president, he focused on racial reconciliation and created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Mandela received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 and is remembered globally for his leadership and commitment to social justice. After retiring from politics, he continued to advocate for human rights and social causes through the Nelson Mandela Foundation.