Offshore Epipelagic Ecosystems

About

Offshore epipelagic ecosystems are vibrant marine environments located in the uppermost layer of the open ocean, extending from the surface to approximately 200 meters in depth. This zone is characterized by abundant sunlight, making it the only part of the ocean where photosynthesis can occur. It is home to diverse marine life, including iconic species like whales, dolphins, and sharks. Phytoplankton, microscopic algae, form the base of the marine food web and are responsible for producing over 50% of the Earth's oxygen. These ecosystems are influenced by various factors, including climate-driven changes in ocean circulation and temperature. Rising temperatures can shift species' ranges and alter the distribution of marine life. Despite these challenges, the epipelagic zone remains crucial for global climate regulation and supports a rich biodiversity. It is also impacted by human activities and environmental changes, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts to protect these vital ecosystems.