Southern Ocean
OceanAbout
The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean, is the youngest of the world's five major oceans, formed approximately 30 million years ago when Antarctica and South America separated. It encircles Antarctica, playing a crucial role in global climate regulation by absorbing significant amounts of heat and carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current, the longest ocean current, circulates around Antarctica, influencing global ocean circulation and maintaining the continent's cold climate. The Southern Ocean supports diverse and unique ecosystems, including phytoplankton, krill, whales, penguins, and seals. Its annual sea ice cycle is a vital component of Earth's climate system. However, climate change impacts the ocean's temperature and ice cover, affecting its ecosystems. The Southern Ocean's role in regulating global climate and supporting life makes it a critical component of Earth's ecosystem, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts to protect its biodiversity and function.
