The capercaillie

About

The capercaillie, scientifically known as Tetrao urogallus, is a large grouse species found primarily in the Palearctic region. It is renowned for its striking plumage and distinctive courtship displays. Males are significantly larger than females, often reaching lengths of 74 to 100 cm and weighing up to 6.7 kg, while females are about half that size. The plumage is dark grey to dark brown with a metallic green breast in males, and brown with black and silver barring in females. Capercaillies inhabit large, contiguous areas of forested habitats, particularly taiga and montane ecosystems. Their diet varies seasonally, consisting mainly of conifer needles in winter and expanding to buds, leaves, and berries in spring and summer. Bilberry is a crucial component of their diet. The species is non-migratory but can be mobile in search of food and mating opportunities. Due to habitat loss and fragmentation, capercaillie populations are declining in many parts of their range, leading to conservation concerns. They are protected in several regions, including the UK, where they are classified as Red under the Birds of Conservation Concern.