The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

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The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, published in 1848, is a foundational text in modern political thought. It outlines the core principles of Marxist theory, emphasizing the role of class struggle in shaping historical events. The manifesto posits that societal development is driven by conflicts between classes, with the bourgeoisie exploiting the proletariat. It argues that capitalism is inherently unstable due to these class tensions, which will eventually lead to a revolution where the proletariat seizes power. The manifesto presents communism as a future where class distinctions are abolished, and private property is eliminated. It advocates for a temporary dictatorship of the proletariat to achieve these goals. Key proposals include the abolition of inheritance rights, centralization of credit, and the establishment of a state-controlled economy. Marx and Engels saw communism as a necessary step to end class conflicts and achieve a more equitable society. Their ideas have profoundly influenced economic and political thought worldwide, shaping socialist movements and critiques of capitalism.