Treaty of Paris (1783)

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The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, marked the end of the American Revolutionary War. It was negotiated between representatives of King George III of Great Britain and the United States, with John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, and John Jay leading the American delegation. The treaty formally recognized the United States as an independent nation, relinquishing British claims to the former colonies. It established boundaries between the U.S. and British North America, allowing for western expansion up to the Mississippi River. Key provisions included fishing rights for U.S. fishermen in Canadian waters, the release of prisoners, and the return of British forces from U.S. territory. The treaty also ensured the navigation of the Mississippi River for both nations. It was part of the broader Peace of Paris, which included treaties with France, Spain, and the Netherlands, ending conflicts with these nations. The treaty's ratification by the U.S. Congress on January 14, 1784, solidified American independence.