Empresas con mayor huella de carbono en la industria energética

Chevron is one of the companies with the largest carbon footprint in the energy industry, having produced 58,598 million tonnes of carbon dioxide and with operational emissions of 55 million metric tons of CO2 equivalent in 2024. Its annual emissions in 2019 were 697 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent, highlighting its significant impact on the global climate.

Saudi Aramco is the world's largest corporate greenhouse gas emitter, responsible for almost five percent of total global CO₂ emissions. Its planned expansion in fossil fuel output projects an increase in its full life-cycle emissions to approximately 800 Mt CO₂ equivalent by 2035.

Coal India is a massive contributor to global CO2 emissions, having been identified as the tenth largest CO2 emitter globally, accounting for 1.5% of total global CO2 emissions. Its coal mining and burning operations are responsible for a substantial carbon footprint, with Scope 1 and 2 emissions exceeding 5 billion kg CO2e in fiscal year 2021. The company is central to India's energy reliance on coal, making it a key player in the discussion of the energy industry's carbon footprint.

CHN Energy is a major player in the global energy industry, being the world's largest producer of coal and thermal power. In 2024, its CO2 emissions reached 1,509 Mt, accounting for 3.91% of global emissions, highlighting its substantial carbon footprint.

ExxonMobil is one of the world's largest energy companies and, as such, generates a substantial carbon footprint through its exploration, production, and sale of petroleum products. In 2020, its Scope 3 emissions associated with petroleum product sales were estimated at 650 million tons, highlighting its environmental impact. The company also reports greenhouse gas emissions performance data, including 29.9 metric tons of CO2e per 100 metric tons of production in the upstream sector.

The National Iranian Oil Company is a major carbon emitter in the energy industry, responsible for a significant portion of global CO2 emissions. In 2024, its emissions reached 1,208 Mt of CO2, accounting for 3.13% of worldwide emissions. Its impact stems from extensive oil and gas exploration and production operations, coupled with a lack of emission reduction targets or transition plans towards non-fossil fuel business models.

Jinneng Group is a leading state-owned entity with a significant carbon footprint, responsible for 1,228 million tonnes of CO2e in 2023. Its vast coal production and energy operations position it as a major contributor to global emissions in the energy sector. The company has been identified as one of the largest CO2 emitters worldwide by studies such as Carbon Majors.

Shell is one of the companies with the largest carbon footprint in the energy industry, having reported emissions of 1,377 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2020. The company continues to advocate for policies that advance fossil fuel production and consumption, with fossil fuels being its main product and the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions.

BP is a major global energy company with a significant carbon footprint, including 33.7 MtCO2e in Scope 1 emissions in 2025. The company has been identified as a historically significant contributor to global emissions, accounting for 2.13% of worldwide totals between 1913 and 2024. Furthermore, its Scope 3 emissions represented 91% of its total emissions in 2023, highlighting its environmental impact across its entire value chain.

TotalEnergies is one of the energy companies with one of the largest carbon footprints globally, reporting 452 million tonnes of CO2e in 2024. Its current energy mix consists of 94.7% oil and gas extraction, which significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. Furthermore, it is linked to at least 23 "carbon bombs," vast fossil fuel extraction sites with high emissions potential.

Pemex is a major contributor to carbon emissions in the energy industry due to its extensive hydrocarbon exploration and production operations. In 2023, it reported greenhouse gas emissions of approximately 462.6 million kg CO2e, highlighting its significant environmental impact. The company has also been noted for increased methane emissions and gas flaring, posing a challenge to Mexico's net-zero goals.

Vistra Energy is one of the largest competitive power generators in the U.S., with approximately 41,000 MW of generation capacity, which entails a significant carbon footprint. In 2024, the company reported total carbon emissions of approximately 105.8 billion kg CO2e, including 86.2 billion kg CO2e from Scope 1 emissions.

Duke Energy is a major US energy company, and despite its reduction efforts, its carbon footprint remains significant, reporting 108.9 million tonnes of CO2 equivalents in 2021. The company has retired 56 coal units in the last decade and reduced its electricity generation emissions by 48% since 2005, yet still relies on fossil fuels.

Southern Company has historically been a significant emitter of greenhouse gases, with its coal-fired power plants emitting 165.9 million tons of CO2 in 2006. In 2019, the company emitted 86,244,286 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, placing it among the companies with the largest carbon footprint in the energy industry. Despite its efforts to reduce emissions, its profile remains substantial.

Berkshire Hathaway is included due to the significant carbon footprint of its energy division, Berkshire Hathaway Energy, which operates coal-fired power plants and holds stakes in coal mining companies. In 2023, its coal-fired power plants emitted more NOx than any other U.S. coal fleet, highlighting its environmental impact within the energy industry.