Principales acuerdos internacionales de intercambio de información fiscal

Explore the leading international agreements designed to combat tax evasion and promote transparency. These bilateral and multilateral treaties facilitate the exchange of tax information between countries, assisting tax administrations in enforcing their domestic laws. Discover how Tax Information Exchange Agreements (TIEAs) and double taxation conventions operate, key elements in global tax cooperation. This compilation is essential for understanding the landscape of international taxation.

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  1. 1

    Multilateral Instrument to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures (MLI)

    0 Global Votes
    • Closes loopholes in international tax treaties

      (+4)

    This instrument is crucial for tax information exchange, as it modifies and supplements nearly 2,000 existing bilateral income tax treaties. Its purpose is to close loopholes and eliminate opportunities for tax avoidance, thereby facilitating greater transparency and cooperation among tax administrations globally.

  2. 2

    Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement (MCAA) for the Automatic Exchange of Financial Account Information (CRS)

    0 Global Votes
    • Improves international tax compliance

      (+2)

    This agreement is a cornerstone in the global fight against tax evasion, establishing a standardized framework for the automatic exchange of financial account information. Its implementation has significantly enhanced international tax transparency, allowing authorities to access crucial data for ensuring tax compliance.

  3. 3

    Tax Information Exchange Agreements (TIEA)

    0 Global Votes
    • Allows exchange of information on tax

      (+4)

    Tax Information Exchange Agreements (TIEAs) are fundamental in the fight against international tax evasion, enabling countries to share relevant data. These bilateral agreements promote tax transparency and cooperation between jurisdictions, proving crucial for the enforcement of domestic tax laws.

  4. 4

    Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters (OECD and Council of Europe)

    0 Global Votes
    • Facilitates administrative assistance in tax matters

      (+1)

    This convention is the most comprehensive multilateral instrument for all forms of tax cooperation, designed to combat global tax evasion and avoidance. It provides an essential international legal framework for administrative assistance between countries in the assessment and collection of various taxes.

  5. 5

    Andorra Bilateral Tax Information Exchange Agreements

    0 Global Votes
    • Has bilateral agreements with 24 countries

      (+1)

    These agreements are crucial for international tax transparency, as Andorra has transitioned from a tax haven to an active collaborator in the fight against evasion. They have enabled the exchange of tax information with 24 countries and the European Union, strengthening global cooperation. The update of these agreements to include digital assets and electronic money demonstrates their continued relevance in the modern tax landscape.

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  7. 6

    U.S.-Aruba Tax Information Exchange Agreement

    0 Global Votes
    • Consistent with Internal Revenue Code standards

    This agreement facilitates international cooperation by enabling the exchange of tax information between the United States and Aruba, which is crucial for combating tax evasion and fraud. Its entry into force in 2004 established a robust framework for transparency, aligning with global standards for mutual assistance in tax matters.

  8. 7

    Bilateral Tax Information Exchange Agreements with The Bahamas

    0 Global Votes

    These agreements establish a formal framework for international cooperation in combating tax evasion, enabling the exchange of tax information between The Bahamas and other jurisdictions. They significantly contribute to global financial transparency and compliance with international tax standards.

  9. 8

    Bilateral Tax Information Exchange Agreements with Curaçao

    0 Global Votes
    • Allows exchange of information on tax

      (+3)

    These agreements are crucial for international tax transparency, enabling the exchange of information to combat tax evasion and fraud. They facilitate cooperation between jurisdictions, ensuring Curaçao's compliance with global OECD and EU standards for tax information exchange.

  10. 9

    Bilateral Tax Information Exchange Agreements with San Martin

    0 Global Votes
    • Promotes international co-operation in tax matters

      (+4)

    This bilateral agreement facilitates the exchange of tax information between jurisdictions, a fundamental pillar for transparency and the fight against tax evasion. It establishes a framework for cooperation that allows tax authorities to obtain relevant data to ensure compliance with tax obligations. Its implementation contributes to improving international administrative cooperation in tax matters.

  11. 10

    Bilateral Information Exchange Agreements with San Marino

    0 Global Votes
    • Allows exchange of information on tax matters

      (+2)

    These agreements establish a formal framework for international tax cooperation, enabling the exchange of information on civil and criminal tax matters. They facilitate transparency and combat tax evasion by providing authorities with access to relevant financial data.

  12. 11

    Panama's Tax Information Exchange Agreements with other countries

    0 Global Votes
    • Important for full and fair enforcement of U.S. tax laws

      (+3)

    These agreements establish a formal framework for international tax cooperation, enabling the exchange of relevant information for tax determination, collection, and investigation. They facilitate transparency and the enforcement of tax laws, being fundamental to the global fight against tax evasion and money laundering.

Frequently asked questions

This ranking evaluates the main international agreements and conventions that facilitate the exchange of tax information between jurisdictions, with the aim of combating tax evasion and avoidance. It focuses on bilateral and multilateral instruments designed to enhance cooperation in tax matters.
The results should be interpreted as a guide to the most relevant and comprehensive agreements in the field of tax information exchange. They reflect the importance and scope of each instrument in promoting transparency and mutual administrative assistance in tax matters.
A TIEA is a bilateral agreement negotiated and signed between two countries to establish a formal regime for the exchange of tax information. Its purpose is to promote international cooperation in tax matters, allowing competent authorities to exchange information relevant to specific tax investigations.
The MLI offers concrete solutions for governments to close loopholes in international tax treaties by transposing results from the BEPS initiative. Its purpose is to modify bilateral tax treaties on a multilateral basis to combat base erosion and profit shifting, without the need to renegotiate each individual treaty.

How we built this ranking and what to consider when choosing

This ranking is compiled based on an editorial analysis of the most significant international agreements and conventions in the field of tax information exchange. Both bilateral and multilateral instruments that have proven effective in promoting transparency and combating tax evasion are considered.

  • Priority is given to agreements that establish clear and efficient mechanisms for information exchange upon request, as well as those that implement automatic exchange of information.
  • The breadth of scope of the agreements is valued, including the variety of taxes and types of administrative assistance they cover (e.g., mutual assistance, simultaneous tax examinations).
  • The relevance of the instruments in the context of international initiatives to combat base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) is considered.
  • The participation of a large number of jurisdictions and an agreement's ability to efficiently modify multiple bilateral treaties are important factors in the evaluation.
  • The agreement must be a formal and internationally recognized instrument for tax information exchange, whether bilateral or multilateral.
  • Its primary purpose must be to promote international cooperation in tax matters and combat tax evasion and avoidance.
  • Agreements that provide mechanisms for information exchange upon request, as well as those that facilitate automatic information exchange, are included.
  • The agreement's ability to address current concerns regarding tax transparency and base erosion is a key factor.