José Figueres Ferrer (Costa Rica)

About

José Figueres Ferrer was a pivotal figure in Costa Rica's history, serving as president three times: from 1948 to 1949, 1953 to 1958, and 1970 to 1974. Born on September 25, 1906, in San Ramón, he was the son of Catalan immigrants. Figueres studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and later became a successful coffee grower and entrepreneur. He was known for his progressive policies, including the abolition of Costa Rica's army in 1948, which was codified in the Constitution of 1949. This move aimed to prevent military interference in politics and redirect resources to education and healthcare. Figueres' leadership was marked by significant reforms. He nationalized banks, granted voting rights to women and Afro-Costa Ricans, and promoted social welfare. He founded the National Liberation Party (PLN), which became a dominant force in Costa Rican politics. Figueres supported democracy and opposed regional dictatorships, contributing to Costa Rica's transformation into a stable democratic nation. His legacy includes the establishment of various institutions and the promotion of private industry. Figueres passed away on June 8, 1990, leaving behind a lasting impact on Costa Rica's political and social landscape.