Nauru

About

Nauru, officially the Republic of Nauru, is a small island nation located in the Central Pacific, approximately 40 kilometers south of the Equator. It is the third-smallest country globally, with an area of 21 square kilometers. Despite its size, Nauru holds strategic importance due to its position near major Pacific routes. Historically, Nauru was settled by Micronesians around 1000 BCE and later became a German colony. After World War I, it was mandated to Australia, New Zealand, and the UK, gaining independence in 1968. Nauru's economy was once rich due to phosphate mining, but these resources are now depleted. The country faces significant environmental challenges, including severe land degradation and water scarcity. Nauru relies heavily on international aid, particularly from Australia, and has been involved in hosting a regional processing center for asylum seekers. The island's infrastructure includes a paved road system and an airport in Yaren, where government offices are located. Nauru uses the Australian dollar as its currency and has a parliamentary system of government. Its strategic position and international engagements make it a notable entity in Pacific affairs.