Iconic Theories About the Formation of the Universe

Most widely accepted theory explaining the universe's origin from a singularity.

Suggests our universe could be a membrane in a higher-dimensional space.

Emphasizes electromagnetic forces over gravity in shaping the cosmos.

Suggests the universe is encoded on a two-dimensional surface, a scientifically testable hypothesis.

Proposes continuous creation of matter to maintain constant density despite expansion.

Proposes the existence of multiple universes beyond our own, often linked to inflationary models.

Explains the universe's uniformity and structure through rapid early expansion.

Suggests the universe's end could be the beginning of a new universe through brane collisions.

Proposes a cold, slowly evolving universe with no beginning or end.

Proposes the universe could have formed from a quantum vacuum fluctuation.