Indian Ocean
Body of waterAbout
The Indian Ocean is the third-largest ocean, covering about 20% of the Earth's water surface. It stretches from the Eastern coast of Africa to Tasmania, encompassing diverse regions like South Asia, Africa, and Australia. The ocean's northern part is landlocked, with significant seasonal changes in wind and sea circulation. It features a complex seabed with mid-ocean ridges and unique geological formations like the Chagos-Laccadive Plateau. The Indian Ocean supports a rich marine life, hosting nine biodiversity hotspots and half of the world's mangrove habitats. The Indian Ocean faces significant environmental challenges, including high levels of plastic pollution. Major rivers like the Ganges and Indus contribute to this issue. Despite these challenges, the ocean remains crucial for global climate regulation and economic activities. Its average depth is about 3,741 meters, with the deepest point in the Java Trench. The Indian Ocean's climate varies across monsoon, trade winds, and subtropical zones, influencing regional weather patterns. Its economic importance is underscored by its role in international trade and as a source of livelihood for millions of people.
